COFFEE

Indonesian Coffee is a Local Pride and Shines in the Global Market

Coffee is one of Indonesia’s top agricultural commodities, with a strong market both locally and globally. In the domestic market, Indonesian coffee is known for its unique flavors, such as Gayo, Toraja, and Bali, which are becoming increasingly popular as coffee culture evolves. On a global scale, Indonesia is one of the largest coffee producers, with key markets in the United States, Japan, and Europe. Coffee farming offers promising opportunities for farmers, as the crop provides a stable income once it reaches its productive stage. With proper plantation management and value-added processing, coffee not only boosts farmers’ economic growth but also strengthens Indonesia’s position in the international market.

Originating from Africa

Coffee plants are perennial crops that do not originally come from Indonesia but from Africa. Coffee cultivation in Indonesia has a long history, starting during the Dutch colonial era in the early 18th century. Coffee belongs to the Rubiaceae family and the Coffea genus. Out of around 100 species in the Coffea genus, only three are widely grown in Indonesia: Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica), Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora), and Liberica coffee (Coffea liberica).

Planting Requirements

Altitude

1.000-2.000 meters above sea level

Air Temperature

15-25°C

Dry Month

1-3 months

Rainfall

1.250-2.500 mm/year

Soil pH

5,5-6,5

Soil Texture

Berlempung (loamy) dengan struktur tanah lapisan atas remah.

Planting Distance

2,0 m x 1,5 m

Harvest Time

9-10 months

Yield Potential

1,5 ton/ha

Klasifikasi Ilmiah

Kingdom

Plantae

Division

Magnoliophyta

Class

Magnoliopsida

Order

Rubiales

Family

Rubiaceae

Genus

Coffea L.

Species

Coffea arabica, Coffea canephora, Coffea liberica.

Coffee Cultivation Guide

Get to Know the Popular Coffee Varieties in Indonesia

Land Preparation The First Step for Optimal Coffee Cultivation

Choosing Shade Plants for Coffee Farms

Effective and Environmentally Friendly Coffee Planting Techniques

Coffee Farm Management: Key to Maximum Harvest Success

Coffee Plant Pests and Diseases

Harvesting and Post-Harvest Processes: Key to Maintaining Flavor Quality

Coffee Varieties

Coffee and its Varieties

Arabica Coffee

Robusta Coffee

Liberica Coffee

Nutrient Content

(Per 100 gr)

Caffeine

96 mg

Energy

1 cal

Protein

0,12 g

Fat

0.02 g

Calcium

2 mg

Magnesium

3 mg

Potassium

49 mg

Riboflavin

0,076 mg

Niasin

0,191 mg

Benefits of Coffee

Prevents Depression

Research shows that caffeine in coffee helps reduce the risk of depression. This happens because caffeine increases serotonin and dopamine levels, which are neurotransmitters that create feelings of happiness.

Reduces the Risk of Memory Loss

Drinking coffee can help lower the risk of cognitive disorders, including dementia. Coffee is also known to reduce the chances of developing neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, which are common in old age.

Boosts Physical Performance

Coffee has a strong stimulant effect that enhances physical performance. Caffeine increases energy, makes the body feel more active, and helps improve focus during daily activities.

Aids in Weight Loss

Caffeine can speed up metabolism, supporting the body in burning fat. This effect works best when combined with regular physical activity, such as exercise.

Lowers the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes

Drinking coffee is linked to a lower risk of type 2 diabetes because it helps prevent insulin resistance. However, this benefit is most effective when coffee is consumed without added sugar or artificial sweeteners. For individuals who already have diabetes, coffee intake should be limited, as caffeine can affect blood sugar levels.

Economic and Market Potential

Coffee is one of Indonesia’s main agricultural commodities, ranking fourth as the largest foreign exchange contributor after palm oil, rubber, and cocoa. This makes coffee an important part of the national economy.
Indonesia is one of the world’s largest coffee producers, ranking fourth globally with a contribution of about 6.6% to total coffee production. However, coffee productivity in Indonesia remains low, at only around 600 kg per hectare. In fact, its potential productivity could reach between 1.5 to 2 tons per hectare.
According to a survey by GoodStats, 37% of Indonesians consume coffee at least twice a day.